| Time to first passport | Minutes - create a model, import CSV | Months - rollout project is the norm | Weeks - manual upkeep per unit |
| Entry costs | €0 (Pilot) · paid plans from €149 / month | Individual project and licence budget | Seemingly €0 - ongoing staff effort in reality |
| Setup fees | None | Setup and consulting phase is common | Not applicable |
| Passport + GS1 QR per unit | Automatic with every import | Depends on vendor and configuration | Hardly feasible without errors manually |
| DIN DKE SPEC 99100 structure | Built in - fields pre-structured | Partially; often a separate mapping project | Model and maintain it yourself |
| Public passport page with roles | Included - public, recyclers, authorities | Available, scope depends on vendor | Not possible - the passport must be accessible online |
| Collecting supplier data | Self-service link, no account needed | Supplier portal with separate logins | Email and spreadsheet ping-pong |
| Regulatory changes (delegated acts) | Updates included in the subscription | Depends on the contract | Monitor and maintain yourself |
| IT project required | No | Usually yes | No |
| Best suited for | Mid-sized manufacturers - first passport to full series | Corporations with their own data-space strategy | Interim data collection, not as the passport itself |