● Knowledge · 08 Implementation

Create a battery passport: guide & software.

From 18 February 2027, every EV, LMT and industrial battery above 2 kWh needs a digital battery passport. This guide shows clearly how manufacturers create and generate a battery passport - from the model through supplier data and certificates to serialisation and the QR code - and what matters when choosing battery passport software.

Reading time approx. 8 min · Updated: · Not legal advice
5
Steps
From model to QR code
1 / unit
Passport per unit
Not per model
18 Feb 27
Deadline
Passport duty in the EU
GS1
Digital Link
QR standard per unit
In short
  • You don't create a battery passport one by one - you serialise it. Thousands of passports are generated automatically from a single model template - one per unit, each with a unique QR code.
  • Five steps: create the model, invite suppliers, link certificates, serialise the units and ship the GS1 Digital Link QR.
  • Excel + a QR generator are not enough. The regulation requires unique identifiers, three access levels and a permanently resolvable link - only a dedicated battery passport solution delivers that.
  • Four things matter in a software comparison: compliance (2023/1542 + DIN DKE SPEC 99100), mass serialisation, a GS1 QR per unit and EU hosting with role-based access.
01 · Guide

Five steps to a finished battery passport

The battery passport applies per battery, not per model. The real work is therefore twofold: collecting the model data - including from suppliers and certificates - and then replicating the passport per unit automatically. With battery passport software it works like this:

1
Create a model

Capture all model-wide mandatory fields from Annex XIII once - chemistry, carbon footprint, recycled content, due diligence and dismantling information. Structured to DIN DKE SPEC 99100.

2
Invite suppliers

Collect missing figures straight from your suppliers via a link: the supplier enters their values in a passwordless self-service form - with no account of their own. Reminders run automatically.

3
Upload & link certificates

Upload REACH, carbon/LCA and due-diligence evidence as PDFs, link them to the model and review them. Expiry dates are monitored and every change lands in the audit trail.

4
Serialise the units

Import serial numbers via CSV or API. For every produced unit a passport with a unique identifier is created and linked to the model - thousands at once, automated instead of by hand.

5
Ship the QR code & publish

Output one GS1 Digital Link QR per unit, print- and engraving-ready. Plus the public passport page with role-based access for the public, recyclers and authorities.

Whether your battery even needs a passport is answered by the eligibility check in 90 seconds. Which fields belong in the passport is covered in the guide on battery passport data.

02 · Software

Build it yourself or use battery passport software?

From the outside a battery passport looks like a web page behind a QR code - but the compliance sits underneath. This comparison shows why manufacturers rely on a dedicated solution in practice:

CriterionExcel + QR generatorBattery passport software
ComplianceStatic QR link, no regulated data structureEU 2023/1542 + DIN DKE SPEC 99100, GS1 Digital Link
SerialisationEvery unit maintained one by one in ExcelThousands of passports automatically from one model template
Access levelsOne public page for everyonePublic · legitimate interest · market surveillance separated
Data provenanceCertificates typed in manuallySupplier self-service via link, audit trail
Hosting & persistenceLink can break at any timeEU hosting, permanently resolvable across the lifecycle

A detailed side-by-side comparison of the approaches is on the comparison page.

03 · QR code

Creating the QR code for the battery passport

The QR code is not "made" one by one - it is produced automatically during serialisation. What matters is that it meets the requirements of the regulation:

A
Unique identifier

The GS1 Digital Link encodes the product and serial number directly in the URL - one identifier per unit, per ISO/IEC 15459 (Art. 77(3)).

B
Permanently resolvable

The target URL must point to the passport data reliably for years - a static link from a QR generator does not meet that.

C
Visible & durable

Printed or engraved, with strong contrast (Annex VI Part C) - it must stay scannable for the whole life of the battery.

Go deeper

All the rules on deadlines, design and scan targets are explained in the detailed guide QR codes on batteries from 2027.

04 · FAQ

Common questions about creating the battery passport

How do I create a digital battery passport?
You set up a battery model once with the mandatory data from Annex XIII (chemistry, carbon footprint, recycled content, due diligence). You collect missing figures from your suppliers via a link, upload certificates and link them to the model. Then you import the serial numbers of your units - battery passport software like Batteriepasswerk generates a serialised passport with a unique GS1 Digital Link QR code for every unit, EU-compliant under Regulation 2023/1542 and DIN DKE SPEC 99100.
Can I create a battery passport myself with Excel or a QR generator?
For a legally compliant battery passport this is usually not enough. Every unit needs a unique identifier, a permanently resolvable link and three separate access levels (public, legitimate interest, market surveillance). A static QR code from a generator and a spreadsheet meet neither the serialisation nor the long-term availability required across the battery's lifecycle. That is exactly what a dedicated battery passport solution is for.
How much does it cost to create a battery passport?
It depends on volume. With Batteriepasswerk you can start for free (Pilot); Starter and Pro plans scale with the number of models and serialised passports. The key point: the cost per passport drops dramatically once serialisation runs automatically - instead of maintaining every unit by hand.
How do I create the QR code for the battery passport?
The QR code is not created one by one - it is produced automatically during serialisation: for every unit a GS1 Digital Link QR is generated that encodes the product and serial number in the URL and resolves permanently to the passport data. The codes are output print- and engraving-ready. See the guide on QR codes on batteries for the details.
How do I get missing data from my suppliers into the battery passport?
Through an invitation by link: the supplier receives an email and enters their figures in a passwordless self-service form - with no account of their own. The data flows straight into the linked model and reminders run automatically. That way you collect material composition, carbon figures or due-diligence evidence without Excel ping-pong.
Do I need a separate passport for every battery?
Yes. The EU Battery Regulation requires one passport per unit, not per model. If you sell 10,000 storage units of one type, you need 10,000 passports with 10,000 unique QR codes. The model data is the same, the serial number and per-unit data are not - which is exactly why automated mass serialisation is the core of any battery passport software.
05 · Sources

Sources & further reading

Create a battery passport - no IT project

From the model to thousands of battery passports with GS1 Digital Link QR - automatically.

Batteriepasswerk is the battery passport software for manufacturers: create the model, collect supplier data and certificates, serialise, ship the QR codes - compliant with EU 2023/1542 and DIN DKE SPEC 99100, hosted in the EU.